Hadley cell

A Hadley cell is a large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern near the Earth's equator. Warm, moist air rises around the equator, creating heavy rainfall and low pressure. As the air rises, it travels poleward at high altitudes, cooling and losing moisture. When it reaches about 30° latitude, the air descends, creating dry, stable conditions and often deserts. This sinking air then flows back toward the equator at the surface, completing the cycle. Hadley cells help distribute heat from the equator toward the tropics and mid-latitudes, shaping climate zones and influencing weather patterns worldwide.