grating theory

Grating theory explains how patterns with regular structures, like a diffraction grating, produce specific light interference effects. When light passes through or reflects off these structures, the repeating elements cause the light waves to overlap and interfere. Constructive interference occurs at certain angles, creating bright lines or spots, which correspond to specific wavelengths. This pattern helps scientists analyze the light’s properties or separate different wavelengths (colors). In essence, grating theory describes how structured surfaces guide and control light through interference, enabling precise spectral and optical measurements in various scientific and technological applications.