GPU (State Political Directorate)

The GPU (State Political Directorate) was a Soviet government agency active from 1922 to 1934, responsible for internal security, political surveillance, and counter-intelligence. It functioned as a secret police organization, overseeing communist party loyalty, suppressing dissent, and protecting the state from perceived enemies. The GPU played a key role in maintaining the Soviet regime’s control through intelligence operations, investigations, and enforcement of political conformity. Later, it evolved into the NKVD, continuing similar functions. Its work was often secretive and oppressive, aimed at preventing opposition and consolidating Communist Party authority.