Gothic architecture (as a contrast)

Gothic architecture, popular from the 12th to 16th centuries, is characterized by its emphasis on height and light. It features pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, which allow for higher walls and larger windows. This style creates an impression of grandeur and verticality, often seen in cathedrals like Notre-Dame. Unlike Romanesque buildings, which are heavy and solid with thick walls, Gothic structures are more open and airy, emphasizing upward movement and divine illumination through stained glass. Overall, Gothic architecture combines technical innovation with an ornate, spiritual aesthetic.