German princes treaty

The Treaty of the Princes, or the Treaty of Westphalia (1648), ended the Thirty Years' War in Europe. It recognized the independence of various German princes and states from the Holy Roman Empire, allowing them to govern themselves. This treaty shifted authority from the emperor to individual rulers, shaping the political landscape of Germany and Europe. It also confirmed religious freedoms and laid groundwork for modern nation-states by establishing a new balance of power among European countries.