German Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht)

The German Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) is Germany’s highest court responsible for safeguarding the country’s constitution. It reviews laws and government actions to ensure they comply with constitutional principles. When disputes arise—such as cases involving fundamental rights or constitutional amendments—the court has the authority to interpret and, if necessary, strike down laws or policies that breach the constitution. Comprising two Senates with 16 judges in total, it operates independently and serves as a vital check and balance within Germany’s democratic system, protecting individual rights and maintaining the rule of law.