George Stephenson's Railway (often referred to as GSR)

George Stephenson’s Railway, often called the George Stephenson Railway (GSR), was one of the earliest railways built to transport coal from mines in northeastern England. Developed in the early 19th century, it used steam-powered locomotives to move objects more efficiently than traditional horse-drawn methods. The railway featured standardized tracks and pioneering engineering, making rail transport faster, safer, and more reliable. Its success helped establish the railway industry as a vital part of economic growth and industrialization, setting the foundation for modern railway systems worldwide.