Gastric Acid Secretion

Gastric acid secretion is the process by which the stomach produces hydrochloric acid to aid digestion. Special cells lining the stomach, called parietal cells, release acid in response to food, especially proteins. This acid helps break down food particles, activates enzymes like pepsin, and creates an acidic environment that kills bacteria. The process is regulated by signals from the brain, hormones like gastrin, and nerves, ensuring enough acid is produced when needed. Proper acid levels are essential for effective digestion and nutrient absorption, while imbalances can lead to issues like ulcers or acid reflux.