Galvanization

Galvanization is a process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron to prevent rust and corrosion. This is usually done by immersing the metal in molten zinc (hot-dip galvanizing) or by electroplating it with zinc (electro-galvanizing). The zinc layer acts as a barrier, shielding the underlying metal from moisture and oxygen, which cause rust. Additionally, zinc and steel have a special relationship called sacrificial protection: if the coating gets scratched, zinc corrodes preferentially, protecting the steel beneath. Galvanization extends the lifespan of metal structures, especially those exposed to outdoor elements.