galaxy formation theories

Galaxy formation theories primarily suggest that galaxies formed through the gravitational collapse of gas and dark matter in the early universe. Initially, tiny fluctuations in density allowed gas to clump together, leading to stars' birth. These stars grouped into galaxies over billions of years, influenced by the surrounding dark matter, which provides extra gravity. Galaxies can merge and interact, creating new structures and shapes, like spiral or elliptical galaxies. Understanding this process helps astronomers learn about the universe's history and the formation of stars and planets within these magnificent cosmic structures.