GABA biosynthesis

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a key calming neurotransmitter in the brain. It is made from an amino acid called glutamate through a process involving an enzyme called glutamate decarboxylase. This biochemical reaction removes a carbon dioxide molecule from glutamate, converting it into GABA. GABA then helps regulate brain activity by reducing the likelihood of nerve cells firing, promoting relaxation and balance in neural communication. This process is essential for maintaining normal brain function and preventing excessive neuronal excitation, which can lead to issues like anxiety or seizures.