G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase)

G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) is an enzyme in red blood cells that helps protect them from damage caused by certain stressors, like specific medicines, infections, or foods (e.g., fava beans). It plays a key role in the chemical process that keeps red blood cells healthy and functioning properly. Without enough G6PD, red blood cells can break down prematurely—a condition called hemolytic anemia—leading to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and dark urine. G6PD deficiency is a genetic condition, meaning some people are born with lower levels of this enzyme, which can make their red blood cells more vulnerable under certain conditions.