G × E interaction

G × E interaction, or gene-environment interaction, refers to how genetics (G) and environmental factors (E) combine to influence an individual's traits or behaviors. Essentially, it means that a person's genetic makeup can respond differently to various environmental conditions. For example, one person might thrive in a challenging setting due to their genetic predisposition, while another may struggle under the same conditions. This concept highlights that both our genes and our surroundings play significant roles in shaping who we are, rather than one being solely responsible for our characteristics or abilities.