Fredricks, Blumenfeld, and Paris Model

The Fredricks, Blumenfeld, and Paris model describes student engagement in learning through three key dimensions: behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. Behavioral engagement refers to participation and effort in learning activities, emotional engagement involves students' feelings related to school—like interest and belonging—and cognitive engagement relates to the investment in understanding and mastering material. This model emphasizes that effective education requires all three dimensions to be addressed, fostering a comprehensive learning environment where students are actively involved, feel connected, and are motivated to think critically.