federal Indian policy

Federal Indian policy encompasses laws and regulations governing the relationship between the U.S. government and Native American tribes. Historically, policies aimed to assimilate tribes into mainstream society, often eroding tribal cultures and sovereignty, exemplified by laws like the Indian Removal Act and the Bureau of Indian Affairs’ control. In recent decades, policies have shifted toward recognizing tribal sovereignty, enhancing self-governance, and protecting tribal lands and cultures. While progress has been made, ongoing issues include land rights, economic development, and preserving cultural heritage, making federal policy a complex balancing act between federal authority and tribal independence.