Factorization

Factorization is the process of breaking down a number or an expression into smaller components, called factors, that multiply together to get the original number or expression. For example, the number 12 can be factored into 3 and 4 because 3 × 4 = 12. In algebra, expressions like x² + 5x + 6 can be factored into (x + 2)(x + 3). Factoring helps to simplify complex problems, solve equations, and understand the structure of numbers and algebraic expressions more deeply.