exonuclease activity

Exonuclease activity refers to the ability of certain enzymes to remove nucleotides one at a time from the ends of DNA or RNA molecules. These enzymes can work by trimming nucleotides from either the starting (3') or ending (5') ends, depending on the specific enzyme. This process is essential for DNA repair, replication, and maintaining genome stability, as it helps remove damaged or unnecessary nucleotides and ensures the correct sequence is maintained. Think of exonucleases like molecular scissors that precisely peel off building blocks from the edges of genetic material to keep it accurate and functional.