Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ)

An Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a maritime area where a coastal country has special rights to explore and use marine resources, such as fish and oil, extending 200 nautical miles (about 370 kilometers) from its coastline. Within this zone, the country can regulate economic activities, like fishing and drilling, while other nations have freedom of navigation and overflight. EEZs help balance resource exploitation with environmental protection and promote sustainable management of ocean resources, making them an important aspect of international maritime law and ocean governance.