Euskadi Ta Askatasuna

Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, often abbreviated as ETA, was a Basque separatist organization founded in 1959 that sought independence for the Basque Country, a region spanning parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. Initially a cultural group promoting Basque identity, ETA later turned to armed militancy, engaging in bombings, assassinations, and attacks to press for independence. The group aimed to establish an independent Basque state and was designated a terrorist organization by Spain, France, and international entities. ETA declared a permanent ceasefire in 2011 and officially disbanded in 2018, marking the end of its militant activities.