Espacios topológicos

Espacios topológicos, or topological spaces, are fundamental concepts in mathematics that explore the idea of "closeness" and "continuity" in a more abstract sense. They consist of a set of points along with a structure that defines which groups of points are considered "open." This framework allows mathematicians to study shapes, spaces, and their properties without necessarily relying on geometric measurements like distance. Topological spaces have applications in various fields, including physics, data analysis, and computer science, as they help model and understand complex systems and spatial relationships.