Cálculo de variaciones

Cálculo de variaciones (calculus of variations) is a branch of mathematics focused on finding the best possible shape or path that makes a certain quantity optimal—like minimizing time, energy, or distance. Imagine trying to find the shortest route between two points that accounts for obstacles or specific conditions. Instead of just calculating derivatives like in regular calculus, it considers entire functions or paths, and determines how small changes affect the overall outcome. This method is used in physics, engineering, and economics to optimize systems and solve problems involving continuous variations.