Equine physiology

Equine physiology refers to how a horse's body functions to support movement, growth, and health. It involves systems like the musculoskeletal system, which includes muscles, bones, and joints that enable movement; the respiratory system, responsible for breathing and oxygen intake; and the cardiovascular system, which circulates blood and nutrients. The digestive system processes food to provide energy, while the nervous system controls responses and coordination. Maintaining balance among these systems allows the horse to perform, recover, and stay healthy. Understanding equine physiology helps inform proper care, training, and medical treatment.