epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process where specific cells in the body change their characteristics. Normally, epithelial cells are tightly connected and form protective layers, like the skin or lining organs. During EMT, these cells lose their connections, become more mobile, and take on mesenchymal traits, which allow them to move through tissues. This process is essential in development and wound healing but can also contribute to cancer spread when it occurs abnormally. Essentially, EMT enables cells to transform from static, organized units into flexible, migratory cells.