Epidemiology of tuberculosis

Epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) involves studying how the disease spreads, who it affects, and factors influencing its transmission. TB is caused by bacteria, primarily spreading through coughs or sneezes from an infected person. It most commonly affects the lungs but can impact other parts of the body. TB is more common in areas with limited healthcare, crowded living conditions, and among people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV. While TB remains a global health concern, advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination have helped reduce its prevalence in many regions.