Epidemiological Transition Theory

Epidemiological Transition Theory describes the shift in population health patterns as societies develop. Initially, infectious diseases and high mortality rates dominate, especially in low-income settings. As countries advance, improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition reduce these diseases, leading to longer life expectancy. This transition often results in a rise of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, as people live longer. Thus, the theory highlights how health challenges evolve alongside societal changes, influencing public health strategies and resource allocation throughout different stages of development.