encoding specificity principle

The encoding specificity principle suggests that our ability to recall information is improved when the context or environment during memory retrieval matches the context in which the memory was originally formed. Essentially, cues present at learning—such as surroundings, emotions, or specific details—become linked to the memory itself. When these same cues are present during recall, they help trigger the memory more effectively. For example, studying in the same room where you’ll take a test can make it easier to remember the information, because the environment acts as a helpful cue to access the stored memories.