Emulsifier

An emulsifier is a substance that helps combine ingredients that normally don't mix well, like oil and water. It works by reducing the surface tension between the two, allowing them to form a stable mixture called an emulsion. For example, in mayonnaise, an emulsifier like egg yolk ensures the oil and water-based ingredients stay blended smoothly. Without emulsifiers, these components would separate over time. They are common in many foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals to improve texture, consistency, and stability.