Electrostatic discharge

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) occurs when built-up static electricity rapidly releases between two objects with different electric charges. Imagine rubbing a balloon on your hair, causing electrons to transfer and create a static charge. When the charged object contacts a grounded or differently charged surface, the sudden flow of electrons can produce a small spark or shock. ESD can damage sensitive electronic components, so precautions like grounding wires and anti-static mats are used to prevent unwanted discharges during handling or maintenance of electronic devices.