Electron Gas

An electron gas is a model used in physics to describe the behavior of free electrons moving within a material, such as a metal. In this model, the electrons are treated as a collection of particles that move freely and interact weakly with one another, similar to molecules in a gas. This helps scientists understand properties like electrical conductivity and thermal behavior, as the electrons respond collectively to external influences. The concept simplifies complex atomic structures, allowing for easier analysis of how materials conduct electricity and heat at the microscopic level.