edema disease (in pigs)

Edema disease in pigs is caused by a specific strain of E. coli bacteria producing a toxin that damages blood vessels. This leads to fluid leakage into tissues, causing swelling or "edema," especially around the head, abdomen, and legs. The disease often affects pigs around 1 to 3 weeks old and can cause sudden death, neurological issues, or characteristic swelling. It typically occurs in pig farms with factors like recent changes in diet, stress, or antibiotic use, which can promote bacterial growth. Effective management includes hygiene, vaccination, and appropriate antibiotic treatment to control the disease.