Ed-na (Ant-plant mutualism)

Ed-na is a mutualistic relationship between certain ants and plants, where the ants protect the plant from herbivores and pathogens in exchange for food and shelter. The plant provides specialized structures called "nectaries" that produce sugary secretions, which ants consume. In some cases, the plant also offers nesting sites within its structure. This symbiosis benefits both: the plant gains defense from threats, and the ants receive nourishment and shelter. Ed-na interactions are examples of co-evolution, demonstrating how species develop mutual dependencies that enhance survival for both parties.