Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems

Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems are ocean regions where winds along the coast drive surface waters away from the shoreline. This process causes deep, cold, nutrient-rich waters to rise to the surface. The increased nutrients support abundant marine life, making these areas some of the most productive fisheries in the world. Examples include the coasts of California, Peru, Namibia, and Western Sahara. These systems are crucial for global fish stocks and influence climate patterns, as they help regulate carbon and heat exchange between the ocean and atmosphere.