Earth Geographic Coordinate System

The Earth Geographic Coordinate System uses set lines called latitude and longitude to pinpoint any location on the planet’s surface. Latitude lines run east-west and measure how far north or south a place is from the Equator, which is at 0°. Longitude lines run north-south and measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian at 0°. These coordinates (like 40°N, 75°W) form a grid that uniquely identifies every point on Earth, facilitating navigation, mapping, and geographic positioning with precision.