Earth-atmosphere system

The Earth-atmosphere system involves the dynamic relationship between our planet's surface and the surrounding gases. Earth provides a surface that absorbs sunlight, warming the planet, while the atmosphere, composed mainly of nitrogen, oxygen, and trace gases, helps regulate temperature by trapping some heat (greenhouse effect). It also protects life from harmful solar radiation, distributes water through weather systems, and enables right conditions for ecosystems. This system is constantly interacting—solar energy drives weather, atmospheric composition influences climate, and Earth's surface responds to these changes, maintaining a balance essential for life.