Dubinin-Radushkevich Isotherm

The Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm is a mathematical model used to describe how molecules (like gases or liquids) are adsorbed onto a surface, especially at a microscopic level. Unlike simpler models, it considers the energy of adsorption and the pore structure of the material. It helps determine whether the process is physical or chemical and provides insights into the porosity and surface properties of materials. This model is useful in fields like environmental engineering and material science for designing and analyzing adsorbent materials.