adsorption isotherms

Adsorption isotherms are models that describe how molecules, such as gases or liquids, adhere to solid surfaces at a constant temperature. They show the relationship between the amount adsorbed and the concentration in the surrounding environment. Common types include the Langmuir isotherm, which suggests a maximum adsorption limit, and the Freundlich isotherm, which describes a more varied surface. These isotherms help scientists understand and predict how substances interact with materials, which is crucial in fields like environmental science, catalysis, and materials engineering.