Doughnut-shaped reactor

A doughnut-shaped reactor, known as a tokamak, is a device used to contain and sustain nuclear fusion—the process that powers the sun—by confining hot plasma within a toroidal (ring-shaped) magnetic field. This magnetic field acts like invisible walls, preventing the super-hot plasma from touching the reactor walls. The goal is to fuse lightweight atoms, like hydrogen isotopes, to release energy cleanly and efficiently. The doughnut shape helps optimize magnetic confinement, allowing the plasma to stay stable long enough for fusion reactions to occur. This design is a leading approach in developing practical fusion energy.