Dough

Dough is a mixture primarily composed of flour and water, sometimes with added ingredients like yeast, salt, and fats. When these components combine, they form a pliable, sticky substance that can be shaped and stretched. The gluten proteins in the flour develop during mixing and kneading, giving dough elasticity and structure. Over time, fermentation by yeast produces gases that cause the dough to rise, creating a light, airy texture. Dough is used as the base for baked products like bread, pizza, and pastries. Its properties can be adjusted with different ingredients to achieve various textures and flavors.