Disquisitiones Arithmeticae

"Disquisitiones Arithmeticae," written by mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1801, is a foundational work in number theory. It systematically explores the properties of integers, focusing on concepts like congruences, divisibility, and quadratic residues. Gauss introduced rigorous proofs and innovative ideas, establishing a framework for modern mathematics. The book's influence extends to various fields, including cryptography and computer science, making it a cornerstone of mathematical literature. Its clarity and depth continue to inspire mathematicians today, showcasing the beauty and complexity of numbers.