disease spread

Disease spread, or transmission, occurs when pathogens such as viruses or bacteria move from one host (like a person) to another. This can happen through various methods: direct contact (touching), airborne particles (coughing or sneezing), contaminated surfaces, or even through water and food. Factors such as population density, hygiene practices, and immunity levels influence how quickly diseases spread. Preventive measures, including vaccination, handwashing, and social distancing, are crucial to limit the transmission of contagious diseases and protect public health. Understanding these mechanisms helps us take informed actions to prevent outbreaks.