Diamond (the gem)

A diamond is a naturally occurring mineral composed of carbon atoms arranged in a highly ordered crystal structure called a lattice. Its exceptional hardness, second only to boron nitride, results from this strong atomic bonding, making it ideal for jewelry and industrial uses. Diamonds form deep within the Earth's mantle under intense pressure and heat over millions of years. When brought to the surface through volcanic activity, they are mined and cut into various shapes. Valued for their brilliance and fire, diamonds symbolize luxury and durability, with their unique properties making them the most prized gemstone.