dental calculus

Dental calculus, also known as tartar, is a hardened deposit that forms on teeth when plaque—a sticky film of bacteria and food particles—is not removed through regular brushing and flossing. Over time, minerals from saliva harden the plaque, creating a rough surface that can accumulate more plaque and bacteria. This hardened buildup can lead to gum inflammation, periodontal disease, and tooth decay if left untreated. Calculus typically appears as a yellow or brown deposit on the teeth, especially near the gums, and requires professional removal by a dentist or dental hygienist.