Decomposition process

Decomposition is the natural process where organic materials, like dead plants and animals, break down into simpler substances over time. This happens through the activity of tiny organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and insects, which feed on and digest the remains. During decomposition, complex compounds are converted into basic elements like carbon, nitrogen, and minerals, which then enrich the soil. This process is essential for recycling nutrients in ecosystems, supporting new plant growth, and maintaining environmental balance. Essentially, decomposition is nature’s way of recycling dead matter back into the earth for future use.