cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a small molecule within cells that acts as a messenger, helping transmit signals from the outside to the inside of cells. It plays a key role in processes like relaxing blood vessels, regulating vision, and controlling cell growth. When certain signals, such as nitric oxide, are present, they trigger an increase in cGMP levels, which then activates specific pathways to carry out these functions. Essentially, cGMP helps coordinate important biological responses, ensuring that cells respond appropriately to various signals.