CRISPR-Cas systems

CRISPR-Cas systems are natural tools used by bacteria to defend against viruses. Scientists have adapted these systems as precise genetic editing tools, allowing them to target and cut specific DNA sequences in various organisms. By designing a guide RNA, researchers can direct the Cas enzyme to a precise location in the DNA to make edits—such as correcting mutations or modifying genes. This technology has revolutionized genetic research and holds promise for treating genetic disorders, improving agriculture, and advancing biotechnology. It combines simplicity, specificity, and versatility, making it a powerful tool in modern science.