contingency tables

Contingency tables are tools used to organize and analyze the relationship between two categorical variables. They display how frequently different combinations of categories occur, with rows representing one variable and columns representing another. For example, a table might show the number of people of different ages who prefer specific types of music. By examining these counts, we can identify patterns, dependencies, or associations between the variables. Contingency tables are essential in statistics for understanding the connection between categories and for conducting tests to determine if the relationship is meaningful or due to chance.