Congruence Relation

A congruence relation is a way to categorize whole numbers based on their remainders when divided by a certain number. For example, if we say that two numbers are congruent modulo 3, we mean they leave the same remainder when divided by 3. So, numbers like 4 and 7 are congruent modulo 3 because both give a remainder of 1 when divided by 3. Congruence relations help organize numbers into classes, making it easier to work with them in mathematics, especially in areas like number theory and algebra.