Conductivity

Conductivity is a measure of how easily electricity or heat can flow through a material. In electrical terms, a good conductor, like copper, allows electric currents to pass through easily, while insulators, like rubber, do not. In thermal conductivity, materials like metals transfer heat quickly, whereas others, like wood, do so slowly. Conductivity depends on the material’s structure, temperature, and the presence of free-moving particles, such as electrons in metals. Understanding conductivity helps us choose materials for electrical wires, heat-resistant cookware, and various technological applications.