CMT1A

CMT1A (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A) is a genetic disorder that affects the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, leading to gradual muscle weakness and loss of sensation, primarily in the limbs. It is caused by a duplication of a gene called PMP22, which leads to abnormal myelin, the protective covering around nerves. This disrupts nerve signals, resulting in symptoms like foot drop, difficulty walking, and muscle wasting. CMT1A is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning only one copy of the altered gene is needed to develop the condition. It typically progresses slowly and varies in severity.