Cis-Trans Isomerism

Cis-trans isomerism refers to a type of variation in molecules where the arrangement of certain groups around a double bond or ring differs. In cis isomers, similar groups are on the same side, while in trans isomers, they are on opposite sides. This difference affects the molecule's physical properties, such as boiling and melting points, and sometimes its biological activity. Think of it like a locked door: in cis, the keys are on the same side of the door; in trans, they are on opposite sides. This spatial difference is crucial in chemistry and material science.